The Representation of the People Order, 1972 (President's Order)

WHEREAS it is necessary to provide for the conduct of elections to Parliament and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto; ¹* NOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance to the provisions of paragraph 3 of the Fourth Schedule to the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make and promulgate the following Order:

(1) This Order may be called the Representation of the People Order, 1972.

(2) It extends to the whole of Bangladesh.

(3) It shall come into force at once.

In this Order, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-

(i) “ballot paper account” means a ballot paper account prepared under clause (10) of Article 36;

² (ia) “ballot paper book” means a book containing ballot papers from which ballot papers are issued to electors;

(ii) “candidate” means a person proposed as a candidate for election as a member;

³ (iia) “Code of Conduct” means the Code of Conduct formulated under Article 91B;

⁴ (iii) “Commission” means the Election Commission within the meaning of the Constitution;

(iv) “Constituency” means a constituency delimited for the purpose of election of a member;

(v) “Constitution” means the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh;

⁵ (vi) “contesting candidate" means a candidate who has been validly nominated for election as a member and whose candidature has not been either withdrawn under clause (1) or ceased under clause (2) of Article 16;

(vii) “election” means election to a seat of a member held under this Order;

(viii) “election agent” means an election agent appointed by a candidate under Article 21 and, where no such appointment is made, the candidate acting as his own election agent;

⁶ (viiia) “election expenses” means the election expenses as defined in Article 44A;

(viiib) “election observer” means a person permitted in writing by the Commission or by any person authorised by it in this behalf to observe any election under this Order, and includes a group of such observers;

(ix) “election petition” means an election petition made under Article 49;

(x) “elector” in relation to a constituency, means a person who is enrolled on the electoral roll in that constituency;

⁷ (xi) "electoral roll" means the final electoral roll prepared under ⁸ ভোটার তালিকা আইন, ২০০৯ (২০০৯ সনের ৬নং আইন);

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¹² (xiaa) "law enforcing agency" means any Police Force, Armed Police Battalion, Rapid Action Battalion, Ansar Force, Battalion Ansar, ¹³ Border Guard Bangladesh ¹⁴, Bangladesh Coast Guard, Bangladesh Army, Bangladesh Navy and Bangladesh Air Force ;

(xii) “member” means a member of Parliament;

(xiii) “nomination day” means the day appointed under Article 11 for the nomination of candidates;

(xiv) “Parliament” means Parliament for Bangladesh as defined in Article 152 of the Constitution;

¹⁵ (xiva) “political party” means a political party as defined in article 152(1) of the Constitution;

(xv) “polling agent” means a polling agent appointed under Article 22;

(xvi) “polling day” means the day on which poll is taken for an election;

(xvii) “polling officer” means a polling officer appointed under Article 9 for a polling station;

(xviii) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Order;

(xix) “Presiding Officer” means a Presiding Officer appointed under Article 9 for a polling station and includes an Assistant Presiding Officer exercising the powers and performing the functions of Presiding Officer;

¹⁶ (xixa) “registered political party” means a political party registered under Article 90A;

(xx) “returned candidate” means a candidate who has been declared elected as a member under this Order;

(xxi) “Returning Officer” means a Returning Officer appointed under Article 7 and includes an Assistant Returning Officer exercising the powers and performing the functions of Returning Officer;

¹⁷ (xxia) “rule” means any rule made under this Order;

(xxii) “scrutiny day” means the day appointed under Article 11 for the scrutiny of nomination papers;

(xxiii) “spoilt ballot paper” means a ballot paper which has been spoiled and is returned to the Presiding Officer under Article 34;

¹⁸ (xxiiia) “statutory public authority” means a statutory public authority as defined in article 152 (1) of the Constitution;

¹⁹ (xxiv) "ward" means a ward of a Union, Paurashava or City Corporation;

(xxv) “withdrawal day” means the day appointed under Article 11 on or before which candidature may be withdrawn.

²⁰²¹3. The Election Commission shall be constituted in accordance with Article 118 of the Constitution.

Subject to the provisions of this Order, the Commission shall regulate its own procedure.]

The Commission may authorise ²²the Chief Election Commissioner or any of the Election Commissioners or any of its officers to exercise and perform all or any of its powers and functions under this Order.

(1) The Commission may require any person or authority to perform such function or render such assistance for the purposes of this Order as it may direct.

(2) All executive authorities of the Government shall assist the Commission in the performance of its functions, and for this purpose the President may, after consultation with the Commission, issue such directions as he may consider necessary.

(1) The Government or an Officer authorised by it in this behalf, may upon a request made in this behalf by the Commission, by an order in writing, requisition any such vehicle or vessel as is needed or is likely to be needed for the purpose of transporting to and from any polling station ballot boxes or other election materials or any Officer or other person engaged for the performance of any duties in connection with the election:

Provided that no vehicle or vessel which is being used by a candidate or his election agent for any purpose connected with the election of such candidate shall be so requisitioned.

(2) Any person authorised in this behalf by the Government may take possession of any vehicle or vessel requisitioned under clause (1) and may for that purpose use such force including police force, as may be reasonably necessary.

(3) Where any vehicle or vessel is requisitioned under clause (1), there shall be paid to the owner thereof compensation the amount of which shall be determined by the Government or the officer requisitioning the vehicle or vessel on the basis of the fares and rates prevailing in the locality for its hire:

Provided that where the owner of the vehicle or vessel being aggrieved by the amount of compensation so determined, makes an application to the Government within period of thirty days from the date the amount has been determined for the matter being referred to an arbitrator the amount of compensation to be paid shall be such as the arbitrator appointed in this behalf by the Government may determine.

²³7. ²⁴* * * (1) The Commission shall appoint a Returning Officer for each constituency for the purpose of election of a member for that constituency; and a person may be appointed as Returning Officer for two or more constituencies.

(2) The Commission may appoint as many Assistant Returning Officers as may be necessary:

Provided that no Assistant Returning Officer shall be appointed for more than one constituency.

(3) An Assistant Returning Officer shall assist the Returning Officer in the performance of his functions under this Order and may, subject to any condition imposed by the Commission, exercise and perform, under the control of the Returning Officer, the power and functions of the Returning Officer.

(4) It shall be the duty of a Returning Officer to do all such acts and things as may be necessary for effectively conducting an election in accordance with the provisions of this Order and the rules.

(5) Subject to the superintendance, direction, and control of the Commission, the Returning Officer shall supervise all work in the district ²⁵or constituency in connection with the conduct of elections and shall also perform such other duties and functions as may be entrusted to him by the Commission.

(6) The Commission may, at any time, for reasons to be recorded in writing, withdraw any officer performing any duty in connection with an election, or any other public functionary, or any other law enforcing personnel who obstructs or prevents or attempts to obstruct or prevent the conduct of fair and impartial poll or interferes or attempts to interfere with an elector when he records his vote, or influences in any manner the polling staff or an elector or does any other act calculated to influence the result of election, and make such arrangements as it may consider necessary for the performance of the functions of the officer or person so withdrawn.

²⁶(7) Where the Commission withdraws any officer or person under clause (6), it-

(a) may, if such officer or person is working in any polling station or constituency, direct him to leave the polling station or the constituency at once;

(b) shall, in case of a direction under sub-clause (a), direct such officer or person to remain out of the constituency for the period specified in the direction, and accordingly he shall comply with the direction, and if he is required to perform any official duty only in that constituency, his appointing authority shall make arrangement for his leave or otherwise;

(c) shall refer the matter to the appropriate authority for taking disciplinary and other actions in relation to such officer or person.

²⁷(1) The Commission shall maintain a list of polling stations ²⁸prepared by the District Election Officer and approved by the Commission for the purpose of election of a member for every constituency.

(2) ²⁹The Commission may make such alterations in the list of polling stations as it may consider necessary and shall, at least twenty five days before the polling day, publish in the official Gazette, the final list of polling stations specifying the area the electors whereof will be entitled to vote at each polling station.

(3) The Returning Officer shall provide each constituency with polling stations according to the final list published under clause (2).

(4) No polling station shall be located in any such premises as belong to, or are under the control of, any candidate.

³⁰(5) At any time after the finalization of candidature, if it is found that any polling station published in the Official Gazette under clause (2), belongs to, or is under the control of any candidate, the Commission may alter such polling station.

³¹(1) The returning Officer shall, by a notice in writing, require all heads of offices, institutions and establishments, whether Government or non-Government, in the district to provide him with a list of their officers and employees of such grades as he may specify for preparation of a panel of Presiding Officers, Assistant Presiding Officers and Polling Officers from among them.

(1A) After the preparation of the panel, the Returning Officer shall send a copy thereof to the heads of all the offices, institutions and establishments whose officers and employees have been included in the panel with a request to place the service of these officers and employees at the disposal of the Commission for use for election purpose and also forward a copy of the panel to the Commission.

(1B) The Returning Officer shall appoint from the panel for each polling station a Presiding Officer and such number of Assistant Presiding Officers and Polling Officers to assist the Presiding Officers as the Returning Officer may consider necessary:

Provided that a person who is, or has at any time been, in the employment of any candidate shall not be appointed as a Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer or Polling Officer.

(2) A Presiding Officer shall conduct the poll in accordance with the provisions of this Order, and the rules, shall be responsible for maintaining order at the polling station and shall report to the Returning Officer any fact or incident which may, in his opinion, affect the fairness of the poll:

Provided that during the course of the poll the Presiding Officer may entrust such of his functions as may be specified by him to any Assistant Presiding Officer and it shall be the duty of the Assistant Presiding Officer to perform the functions so entrusted.

(3) The Returning Officer shall authorise one of the Assistant Presiding Officers to act in place of the Presiding Officer if the Presiding Officer is, at any time during the poll, by reason of illness or other cause, not present at the polling station, or is unable to perform his functions; and any absence of the Presiding Officer, and the reasons therefor, shall, as soon as possible after the close of the poll, be reported to the Returning Officer.

(4) The Returning Officer may, at any time during the poll for reasons to be recorded in writing, suspend ³²and shall inform the Commission of such suspension any Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer, Polling Officer and make such arrangements as he may consider necessary for the performance of the functions of the officer so suspended.

(1) The Commission shall provide the Returning Officer for each constituency with copies of electoral rolls for that constituency ³³immediately after the publication of notification under clause (1) of Article 11.

(2) The Returning Officer shall provide the Presiding Officer of each polling station with copies of electoral rolls containing the names of the electors entitled to vote at that polling station.

(1) For the purpose of holding elections for constituting Parliament, the Commission shall, by notification in the official Gazette, call upon the electors to elect a member from each constituency and shall, in relation to each constituency, specify in the notification-

³⁴(a) a day on or before which the nomination of candidates may be filed;

(b) a day ³⁵or days for the scrutiny of nomination papers;

(c) a day on or before which candidature may be withdrawn; and

(d) a day ³⁶or days, at least fifteen days after the withdrawal day, for the taking of the poll.

(2) A Returning Officer shall, as soon as may be after the publication of a notification under clause (1), give public notice of the dates specified by the Commission in respect of the constituency or constituencies of which he is the Returning Officer; and the public notice shall be published at some prominent place or places within the constituency to which it relates.

(3) A public notice issued under clause (2) shall also invite nominations and specify the time before which and the place at which nomination papers shall be received by the Returning Officer ³⁷or the Assistant Returning Officer.

³⁸(1) Any elector of a constituency may propose or second for election to that constituency, the name of any person qualified to be a member under clause (1) of Article 66 of the Constitution:

Provided that a person shall be disqualified for election as or for being, a member, if he-

(a) is not listed in the electoral roll of any constituency;

³⁹(aa) has been declared fugitive by any court;

(b) is not nominated by any registered political party or is not an independent candidate;

(c) is a person holding any office of profit in the service of the Republic or of a statutory public authority;

(d) is a person who is convicted of an offence punishable under Article 73, 74, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 and 86 and sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not less than two years, unless a period of five years has elapsed since the date of his release;

(e) is a person whose election to a seat is declared void on any of the grounds mentioned in sub-clauses (c), (d) and (e) of clause (1) of Article 63, unless a period of five years has elapsed since the date of such declaration;

(f) has resigned or retired from the service of the Republic or of any statutory public authority or of the defence service, unless a period of three years has elapsed since the date of his resignation or retirement;

(g) has been dismissed or removed or compulsorily retired from the service of the Republic or of any statutory public authority on the ground of corruption, unless a period of five years has elapsed since the date of such dismissal, removal or compulsory retirement;

(h) has been appointed on contract to the service of the Republic or of any statutory public authority or of the defence service immediately after his retirement from such service, unless a period of three years has elapsed since the expiry or termination of such contract;

(i) is holding or has resigned or retired or has been discharged from an executive post of any non-government organization, which receives grant or fund from any foreign state or organization, unless a period of three years has elapsed since such resignation retirement, or discharge;

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(k) whether by himself or by any person or body of persons in trust for him or for his benefit or on his account or as a member of a Hindu undivided family, has any share or interest in a contract, not been a contract between a co-operative society and Government, for the supply of goods to, or for the execution of any contract or the performance of any services undertaken by Government;

(l) being a loanee, other than a loanee who has taken small loan for agricultural purposes, has defaulted in repaying before ⁴¹*** the day of submission of nomination paper any loan or instalment thereof taken by him from a bank;

(m) is a director of a company or a partner of a firm ⁴²which has defaulted in repaying before ⁴³*** the day of submission of nomination paper any loan or any instalment thereof taken by ⁴⁴the concerned company or firm from a bank;

(n) personally has failed to pay the telephone, gas, electricity, water or any other bill of any service providing organization of the Government before ⁴⁵*** the day of submission of nomination paper;

⁴⁶(o) has been convicted of any crime under the International Crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 ( Act No. XIX of 1973).

Explanation I.- “office of profit” means holding any office, post or position in the full-time service of the Republic or any statutory public authority or company ⁴⁷or as an executive of any organization in which government has more than 50% (fifty percent) share.

Explanation II.- The disqualification under sub-clause (k) shall not apply to a person

(i) where the share or interest in the contract devolves on him by inheritance or succession or as a legatee, executor or administrator, until the expiration of six months after it has so devolved on him or such longer period as the president may, in any particular case allow; or

(ii) where the contract has been entered into by or on behalf of a public company as defined in the Companies Act, 1994 (Act No.XVIII of 1994), of which he is a share-holder but is neither a director holding an office of profit under the company nor a managing agent; or

(iii) where he is a member of Hindu undivided family and the contract has been entered into by any other member of that family in the course of carrying on a separate business in which he has no share or interest.

Explanation III.- “bank” means-

(a) any “bank company” as defined in Bank Company Act, 1991 (Act No.XIV of 1991);

⁴⁸(b) Bangladesh Development Bank Limited incorporated under the Companies Act, 1994 (Act No. 18 of 1994);

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(d) “Bangladesh House Building Finance Corporation” established under Bangladesh House Building Finance Corporation Order, 1973 (P.O.No.17 of 1973);

(e) “Bangladesh Krishi Bank” established under Bangladesh Krishi Bank Order, 1973(P.O.No. 27 of 1973);

(f) “Investment Corporation of Bangladesh” established under Investment Corporation of Bangladesh Ordinance, 1976 (Ord. No.XI of 1976);

(g) “Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank” established under Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank Ordinance, 1986 (Ord. No.LVIII of 1986);

(h) “Basic Bank Limited” (Bangladesh Small Industries and Commerce Bank Limited) established under Companies Act, 1994 (Act No.XVIII of 1994).

Explanation IV.- “small loan for agricultural purposes” means all crops loan excepting tea and tobacco and includes short-term loan for development of fishery and marketing of agricultural produce and long-term loan for irrigation equipment, animal husbandry, development of fishery, agricultural equipment, nursery and horticulture, betel-leaf plantation, management of Jalmahal and for the purpose of producing silk worm, tuth tree, lakhkha tree, catechu tree, etc. the amount of which shall not exceed taka one lakh aggregating with interest and capital against every loan.

Explanation V.- A person or a company or a firm shall be deemed to have defaulted in repaying a loan or an instalment thereof referred to in sub-clauses (l) and (m) of Article 12(1) if he or it is a defaulter within the meaning of the expression 'defaulter loanee' as defined in Bank-Company Act, 1991(Act 14 of 1991) and for financial institution, as defined by Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institution Act, 1993 (Act No. 27 of 1993). The list of defaulter may be obtained from CIB of Bangladesh Bank or from the concerned bank or financial institution.

Explanation VI.- "financial institution" means a non-banking financial institution as defined in Financial Institution Act, 1993 (Act No. 27 of 1993).

Explanation VII.- 'chief executive' referred to in sub-clause (i) of Article 12(1) means a person holding full time post of a chief executive of any non-government organisation who receives monthly salary and other emoluments in that capacity.

⁵⁰(1A) For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that, for the purposes of this Article, a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit in the service of the Republic or of a statutory public authority by reason only that he is an Administrator or a Deputy Administrator of a ⁵¹city Corporation or a ⁵²Ward Commissioner.

(2) Every proposal shall be made by a separate nomination paper in the prescribed form which shall be signed by the proposer and the seconder and shall contain-

(a) a declaration signed by the candidate that he has consented to the nomination and that he is not subject to any disqualification for being, or being elected as, a member; ⁵³***

(b) a declaration signed by the proposer and the ⁵⁴seconder that neither of them has subscribed to any other nomination paper either as proposer or seconder ⁵⁵; and

⁵⁶(c) a declaration signed by the candidtate that he is not a candidate for more than three constituencies.

⁵⁷⁵⁸(3) Every nomination paper shall be delivered by the candidate, or his proposer or seconder, to the Returning Officer or the Assistant Returning Officer who shall acknowledge the receipt of the nomination paper specifying the date and time of receipt.

⁵⁹(3a) Every nomination paper under clause (2) shall be delivered along with the following documents, namely-

(a) in the case of an independent candidate, a list of signatures of one percent electors of the concerned constituency:

Provided that such list need not to be delivered if the independent candidate has previously been elected in any parliamentary election;

(b) a certificate signed by the chairman or secretary or a person holding the same rank on behalf of the registered political party stating that the candidate has been nominated by that party:

⁶⁰Provided that any registered political party may primarily nominate more than one candidate and if more than one candidate are nominated, their candidature are subject to the provision of clause (2) of Article 16.

(3b) Every nomination paper under sub-clause (2) shall be delivered along with ⁶¹and a copy of the income tax return of the latest tax year, and an affidavit signed by the candidate which shall include the following information and particulars, namely-

(a) an attested copy of the certificate of his highest educational qualification;

(b) whether at present he is accused of any criminal offence or not;

(c) whether he has any past criminal record, and, if any, the judgement of the case;

(d) description of his profession or business;

(e) probable sources of his income ⁶²both at home and abroad;

(f) a statement of property or debt of his own or his dependents ⁶³both at home and abroad;

(g) what promises he made before an election in which he was elected as a member in the past, and how many of those promises were fulfilled; ⁶⁴***

(h) the amount of loan received by him alone, or jointly or by his dependents from any bank or financial institution, and the amount of loan received by him from any bank or financial institution as a Chairman, Managing Director or Director thereof ⁶⁵;

⁶⁶(i) a certified copy of return submitted under section 166 of আয়কর আইন, ২০২৩ (২০১৩ সনের ১২ নং আইন) and a proof of submission of return as required by section 264 of the said Act.

Explanation.- “dependent” means the wife or husband of a candidate and includes son, daughter, father, mother, brother or sister of the candidate who are fully dependent upon him.

(4) A person may be nominated in the same constituency by more than one nomination paper ⁶⁷, and a nomination paper may be delivered to both the Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer.

(5) If any person subscribes to more than one nomination paper, all such nomination papers, ⁶⁸except the one found valid under clause (3a) of Article 14, shall be void.

(6) The Returning Officer shall give a serial number to every nomination paper and endorse thereon the name of the person presenting it, and the date and time of its receipt, and inform such person of the time and place at which he shall hold scrutiny.

⁶⁹(6a) The Assistant Returning Officer shall give a serial number to every nomination paper and endorse thereon the name of the person presenting it, and the date and time of its receipt, and inform such person of the time and place at which the Returning Officer shall hold scrutiny, and immediately after the time for receiving nomination paper is over, forward all the nomination papers received by him to the Returning Officer.

(7) The Returning Officer shall cause to be affixed at some conspicuous place in his office a notice of every nomination paper received by him ⁷⁰or received by the Assistant Returning Officer and forwarded to him under clause (6a) containing particulars of the candidate and the names of the proposer and seconder as shown in the nomination paper ⁷¹, and the affidavit submitted by the candidate or candidates along with the nomination paper will be published on the website of the Election Commission.  

⁷²(8) Notwithstanding anything contained anywhere in this Order or in any other law for the time being in force, if any dispute arises as to whether any Member of Parliament has, after his election become subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned herein above, the Election Commission, either suo-moto or being informed otherwise may hear and dispose of the said dispute in such manner as the Commission may deem fit and the decision taken on such case by the Commission shall be final.

(1) Subject to the provisions of clause (2), no nomination paper delivered under Article 12 shall be accepted unless-

(a) ⁷³a sum of Taka ⁷⁴fifty thousand is deposited in cash or by bank draft or pay order or treasury challan in favour of the Election Commission by the candidate or by any person on his behalf at the time of its delivery; or

⁷⁵(b) it is accompanied by a receipt or a true copy thereof duly attested by a gazetted government servant showing that a sum as aforesaid has been deposited by the candidate or by any person on his behalf with the Returning Officer or the Assistant Returning Officer or at any Bank or at a Government Treasury or Sub-Treasury.

(2) Not more than one deposit under clause (1) shall be required in the case of a person who has been nominated as a candidate by more than one nomination paper.

⁷⁶13A. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Order, no person may at the same time be a candidate for more than ⁷⁷three constituencies.

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(3) If a person is at the same time a candidate for more than ⁷⁹three constituencies, all his nomination papers in respect of all the constituencies shall be void.

(1) The candidates, their election agents, proposers and seconders, and one other person authorised in this behalf by each candidate may attend the scrutiny of nomination paper and the Returning Officer shall give them reasonable opportunity for examining all nomination papers ⁸⁰delivered or forwarded to him under Article 12.

(2) The Returning Officer shall, in the presence of the persons attending the scrutiny under clause (1), examine the nomination papers and decide any objection raised by any such person to any nomination.

(3) The Returning Officer may, either of his own motion or upon any objection, conduct such summary enquiry as he may think fit and reject a nomination paper if he is satisfied that-

(a) the candidate is not qualified to be elected as a member;

(b) the proposer or the seconder is not qualified to subscribe to the nomination paper;

(c) any provision of Article 12 or Article 13 has not been complied with; or

(d) the signature of the proposer or the seconder is not genuine:

Provided that-

(i) the rejection of a nomination paper shall not invalidate the nomination of a candidate by any other valid nomination paper;

(ii) the Returning Officer shall not reject a nomination paper on the ground of any defect which is not of a substantial nature and may allow any such defect to be remedied forthwith; and

(iii) the Returning Officer shall not enquire into the correctness or validity of any entry in the electoral roll.

⁸¹(3a) If any person subscribes to more than one nomination papers, all such nomination papers, except the one found valid, shall not be required to be scrutinized.

(4) The Returning Officer shall endorse on each nomination paper his decision accepting or rejecting it ⁸² and shall ⁸³ record a brief statement of the reason therefor.

⁸⁴⁸⁵(5) If a candidate or any bank or any financial or service-providing organization of the Government is aggrieved by the decision of the Returning Officer, he or the concerned organization may prefer an appeal to the Commission within the prescribed period, and any order passed on such appeal shall be final.

(1) The Returning Officer shall, after the scrutiny of nomination papers, prepare and publish in the prescribed manner a list of candidates who have been validly nominated.

(2) In case an appeal against ⁸⁶the decision of the Returning Officer on a nomination paper has been accepted by the Commission, the list of validly nominated candidates shall be revised accordingly.

⁸⁷16. (1) Any validly nominated candidate may, by notice in writing signed by him and delivered, on or before the withdrawal day, to the Returning Officer, either by such candidate in person or by an agent authorised in this behalf in writing by such candidate, withdraw his candidature.

(2) Where more than one candidate are nominated in the same constituency by a registered political party, the chairman or secretary or a person holding the same rank of the party shall inform, by notice in writing signed by him and delivered, either by himself or by any other person authorized by him in this behalf on or before the withdrawal day, to the Returning Officer, about the final nomination of a candidate and the other candidate of that party shall be ceased to be a candidate.

(3) A notice of withdrawal under clause (1) or final nomination under clause (2), as the case may be, shall, in no circumstances, be open to recall or cancellation.

(4) Upon receipt of a notice of withdrawal under clause (1) and final nomination under clause (2), the Returning Officer shall, if he is satisfied that the signature on the notice is that of the candidate or of the chairman or secretary or person holding the same rank of the party, as the case may be, cause a photocopy of the notice to be affixed at some conspicuous place in his office.

(5) The Returning Officer shall, on the day next following the withdrawal day prepare and publish, in the prescribed manner, a list of contesting candidates.

(1) If a validly nominated candidate who has not withdrawn his candidature dies, ⁸⁸or if his candidature is cancelled under clause (2) of Article 91E, the Returning Officer shall, by public notice, terminate the proceedings relating to that election.

(2) Where proceedings relating to an election have been terminated under clause (1), fresh proceedings shall be commenced in accordance with the provisions of this Order as if for a new election ⁸⁹:

Provided that it shall not be necessary for the other contesting candidates to file fresh nomination papers or make a further deposit under Article 13.

Where the proceedings relating to nomination, scrutiny or withdrawal cannot, for reasons beyond the control of the Returning Officer, take place on the day appointed therefor, he may postpone or adjourn such proceedings and shall, with the approval of the Commission, by public notice fix another day for the proceedings so postponed or adjourned and, if necessary, also the day or days subsequent proceedings.

⁹⁰(1)(a) Where, after scrutiny under Article 14, only one person remains validly nominated for election as a member from a constituency, or where, after withdrawal under Article 16, only one candidate remains, in such case, the election shall be held between the sole candidate and the 'No Vote' option. If the number of Votes received by the contesting candidate exceeds the number of 'No Vote', the Returning Officer shall, by public notice, declare such candidate to be elected to the seat. If the number of 'No Votes' exceeds the number of votes received by the contesting candidate, a fresh election shall be held in that constituency by announcing a fresh schedule.

(b) If in an election held under sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the "No Vote" is higher, and if in the subsequent election also only one person remains validly nominated or, as the case may be, as the only candidate, the Returning Officer shall, by public notice, declare such candidate to be elected to the seat:"

Provided that if after scrutiny any candidate indicates that he intends to make an appeal under clause (5) of Article 14 against the rejection of his nomination paper, no person shall be declared elected uncontested until the period prescribed for filing such appeal has expired and no such appeal has been filed or, where an appeal is filed, until the disposal of such appeal.

(2) The Returning Officer shall submit to the Commission a return of the election in respect of which he has made a declaration under clause (1).

(3) The Commission shall publish in the official Gazette the name of the returned candidate.

(1) If there are ⁹¹one or more contesting candidates than one in respect of any constituency, the Returning Officer shall-

⁹²(a) allocate, in the case of a contesting candidate set up by a registered political party, the symbol reserved for that party by the Commission under this Order or the rules ⁹³:

⁹⁴Provided that the Commission, on an application made to it in this behalf within 3 (three) days after the publication of the notification under clause (1) of Article 11, may in case of a combination of two or more registered political parties who have agreed to set up joint candidates for election, allot the symbol reserved for the political party to which the candidate belongs;

(aa) allocate, ⁹⁵in the case of independent contesting candidates, subject to any direction of the Commission, one of the prescribed symbols to each such contesting candidate; and in so doing shall, so far as possible, have regard for any preference indicated by the candidate; ⁹⁶and

(b) publish in such manner as the Commission may direct the names of contesting candidates arranged in the alphabetical order specifying against each the symbol allocated to him ⁹⁷***

⁹⁸***

(2) The Returning Officer shall arrange to exhibit prominently at each polling station the name and symbol of each contesting candidate.

(1) A candidate may appoint ⁹⁹any voter of the concerned constituency qualified to be elected as a member to be his election agent.

(2) The appointment of an election agent may, at any time, be revoked in writing by the candidate and, when it is so revoked or the election agent dies, another person may be appointed by the candidate to be his election agent.

(3) When an election agent is appointed, the candidate shall send to the Returning Officer a notice in writing of the appointment containing the name, father's name and address of the election agent.

(4) Where no appointment of an election agent is made under this section, a candidate shall be deemed to be his own election agent and shall so far as the circumstances permit, be subject to the provisions of this Order both as a candidate and as an election agent.

¹⁰⁰(1) The contesting candidate or his election agent, may, before the commencement of the poll, appoint for each polling booth of a polling station not more than one polling agent and shall give notice thereof in writing to the Presiding Officer.

(2) The appointment of a polling agent under clause (1) may at any time be revoked by the candidate or his election agent and, when it is so revoked or the polling agent dies, another person may be appointed by the candidate or the election agent to be a polling agent; and a notice of such appointment shall be given to the Presiding Officer.

¹⁰¹(3) The Presiding Officer shall not accept a polling agent unless he wears an identity card granted by the person appointing him containing his name and the name of the candidate for whom he is appointed as a polling agent.

Where any act or thing is authorised by this Order to be done in the presence of the candidate, an election agent or a polling agent, the failure of such person to attend at the time and place appointed for the purpose shall not invalidate any act or thing otherwise validly done ¹⁰²:

Provided that the Returning Officer or the Presiding Officer, as the case may be, shall, as far as practicable, endeavour to ensure the attendance of the said person at the time of doing the said act or thing:

Provided further that, if a candidate or his election agent or polling agent is found absent at the time of doing the said act or thing, the Returning Officer or the Presiding Officer, as the case may be, shall immediately try to find out the reason of such absence and record the fact and communicate it to the Commission together with his comments thereon, and shall endeavour to ensure such attendance.

The Returning Officer shall, subject to any direction of the Commission, fix the hours during which the poll shall be taken and give public notice or the hours so fixed.

¹⁰³25.(1) The Presiding Officer of a polling station shall stop the poll and inform the Returning Officer that he has done so, if-

(a) the poll at the polling station is, at any time, so interrupted or obstructed for reason beyond the control of the Presiding Officer that it cannot be resumed during the polling hours fixed under Article 24; or

(b) any ballot box used at the polling station is unlawfully taken out of the custody of the Presiding Officer, or is accidentally or intentionally destroyed or lost, or is damaged or tampered with to such an extent that the result of the poll at the polling station cannot be ascertained.

(2) Where a poll has been stopped under clause (1), the Returning Officer shall immediately report the circumstances to the Commission and the Commission shall direct a fresh poll at that polling station, unless it is satisfied that the result of the election has been determined by the polling station, taken with the results of the polling at other polling stations in the same constituency.

(3) Where the Commission orders a fresh poll under clause (2), the Returning Officer shall, with the approval of the Commission,-

(a) appoint a day for a fresh poll and fix the place at which and the hours during which such fresh poll shall be taken; and

(b) give public notice of the day so appointed and the place and hours so fixed.

(4) At a fresh poll taken under clause (3) at a polling station, all electors entitled to vote there at shall be allowed to vote and no vote cast at the poll stopped under clause (1) shall be counted, and the provisions of this Order and the rules and orders made thereunder shall apply to such fresh poll.

An election under this Order shall be decided by secret ballot ¹⁰⁴*** and, subject to the provisions of Article 27, every elector shall cast his vote by inserting, in accordance with the provisions of this Order, in the ballot box, a ballot paper in the prescribed form.

¹⁰⁵¹⁰⁶***

¹⁰⁷***

¹⁰⁸***

¹⁰⁹***]

¹¹⁰(1) The following person may cast their votes by postal ballot in such manner as may be prescribed through circular, namely:-

(a) any person in the service of the Government, if stationed for discharging any public duty in an area other than the constituency or voter area in which he is registered to vote;

(b) a person detained in any prison or other lawful custody within Bangladesh;

(c) a person appointed for the performance of any duty in connection with an election at a polling station other than the one at which he is entitled to cast his vote; and

(d) a Bangladeshi voter living abroad.

(2) An elector who, being entitled to do so, intends to cast his vote by postal ballot shall enroll through a digital platform and procedure prescribed by the Commission-

(a) in the case of, a person referred to either in sub clause (a) or (b) of clause (1), within fifteen days from the date of the publication of the notification under Article 11;

(b) in the case of, a person referred to in sub clause (c) of that clause, soon after his appointment; and

(c) in the case of, an elector referred to in sub-clause (d) of clause (1), within such time as may be prescribed by the Commission by issuing a circular under clause (13).

(3) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Order the Commission shall upon the enrollment by an elector under clause (2) forthwith send by post to such elector a ballot paper containing the required number of electoral symbols allotted to registered political parties and reserved for independent candidates. The elector shall also receive an instruction and a prescribed declaration along with the return envelope containing address of the concerned Returning Officer.

(4) Each elector will be given with a unique identifier that will be used for personalization and to track the journey of postal ballot.

(5) Enrolment of an elector detained in any prison or in any lawful custody in Bangladesh shall be endorsed by the respective jail authority.

(6) The controlling authorities shall take necessary measures to facilitate and encourage the voters referred to in sub-clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) of clause (1) to cast their votes through postal ballot with a view to exercising their citizen duties as provided in article 21 of the Constitution.

(7) Notwithstanding anything contained in Article 31, an elector referred to in clause (1), upon receipt of a postal ballot paper, shall record his vote in the prescribed manner contained in the instruction by placing a tick or cross mark against the symbol of the contesting candidate of his choice, enclose the completed ballot paper in the provided envelope, and post it to the concerned Returning Officer.

(8) The Commission shall forward a list of all electors to whom postal ballot papers have been issued to the concerned Returning Officers who shall ensure that the electors mentioned in the list sent by the Commission are not able to vote in person at the respective polling station.

(9) The postal ballot paper issued under this article shall be deemed to be a valid ballot paper for the purposes of this Article and Article 37 of this Order.

¹¹¹(10) A postal ballot paper issued under this Article shall be excluded from the count in favour of any contesting candidate if:

(a) no tick or cross mark is placed against any symbol; or

b) a tick or cross mark is placed against more than one symbol; or

c) a tick or cross mark is so placed that it cannot reasonably be ascertained for which candidate the vote has been cast; or

d) the postal ballot is not received by the Returning Officer before the count under Article 37A; or

e) any change in the list of candidates of a particular constituency or constituencies is made by any court at relevant time; or

(f) no declaration is made by the voter.

(11) Every postal ballot paper issued under this Article shall bear a unique identifier and the signature of an authorized official of the Commission.

(12) Nothing in this Order shall prevent the Commission from issuing postal ballot papers prior to the publication of notification under Article 11.

(13) The Commission may, for carrying out the purposes of this Article, issue such circular (s) as it may deem fit.

(1) The Returning Officer shall provide each Presiding Officer with such number of ballot boxes as may be necessary.

(2) The ballot boxes shall be of such material and design as may be approved by the Commission.

(3) Not more than one ballot box shall be used at a time for the purpose of the poll at any polling station, or at any polling booth, where there are more than one polling booths at a polling station.

(4) At least half an hour before the time fixed for the commencement of the poll, the Presiding Officer shall-

(a) ensure that every ballot box to be used is empty;

¹¹²(aa) deliver such empty ballot box to the Assistant Presiding Officer or Polling Officer recording the serial number of the concerne ballot box and the serial number of the seal thereon and obtaining signature of the receiver in the respective column of the prescribed form and endeavour to obtain signature of the agents of candidates who is willing to put signature on the said form;

(b) show the empty ballot box to the contesting candidates and their election agents and polling agents whoever may be present;

(c) after the ballot box has been shown to be empty, close and seal it; and

(d) place the ballot box so as to be conveniently accessible to the elector, and at the same time within the sight of himself and of such candidates or their election or polling agents as may be present.

(5) If one ballot box is full or cannot further be used for receiving ballot papers, the Presiding Officer shall seal that ballot box ¹¹³with his own seal and signature and with the seals or signatures of the contesting candidates or election agents or polling agents present who may wish to seal or sign it and keep it in a secure place and use another ballot box in the manner laid down in clause (4).

(6) A Presiding Officer shall make such arrangements at the polling station that every elector may be able to mark his ballot paper in secret before the same is folded and inserted in the ballot box.

¹¹⁴1 The Presiding Officer shall, subject to such instructions as the Commission may give in this behalf, regulate the number of electors to be admitted to the polling station at a time and exclude from the polling station all other persons except-

(a) any person on duty in connection with the election;

¹¹⁵(b) the contesting candidates and their election agents and one polling agent of each contesting candidate for each booth;

¹¹⁶(bb) officers, persons, election observers and media personnel authorized by the Commission; and

(c) such other persons as may be specifically permitted by the Returning Officer.

¹¹⁷(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (1), no other individual including any candidate, agent of a candidate, leader or worker of any political party, or any influential person shall loiter unnecessarily within the polling station or within the boundary prescribed for the polling station.

(3) If such person does so, the Presiding Officer and the members of the law enforcing agencies shall forthwith remove such person from the said area and may, if necessary, arrest them, and in such a case, the said person shall be punishable under Article 79.

(1) The Presiding Officer shall keep order at the polling station and may remove or cause to be removed any person who misconducts himself at a polling station or fails to obey any lawful orders of the Presiding Officer.

(2) Any person removed under clause (1) from a polling station shall not, without the permission of' the Presiding Officer, again enter the polling station during the day and shall, if he is accused of an offence in a polling station, be liable to be arrested without warrant by a police officer.

(3) The powers under this Article shall not be so exercised as to deprive an elector of an opportunity to cast his vote at the polling station at which he is entitled to vote.

¹¹⁸(1) Where an elector presents himself at the polling station to vote, the Presiding Officer shall, after satisfying himself about the identity of the elector with reference to ¹¹⁹the electoral roll, issue ¹²⁰ him a ballot paper ¹²¹.

¹²²***

(2) Before a ballot paper is issued to an elector-

(a) he shall be required to receive a personal mark made with indelible ink on the thumb or any other finger of either hand;

(b) the number and name of the elector as entered in the electoral roll shall be called out;

(c) a mark shall be placed on the electoral roll against the number and name of the elector to indicate that a ballot paper has been issued to him;

¹²³(d)  the ballot paper shall on its back be stamped with the official mark and signed by the Assistant Presiding Officer;

(e) the number of the elector on the electoral roll shall be marked in writing on the counterfoil by the Presiding Officer who shall also stamp the counterfoil with the official mark ¹²⁴;

(f) the elector shall put his signature or thumb impression on the counterfoil of the ballot paper.

(3) A ballot paper shall not be issued to a person who refuses to receive the personal mark with indelible ink or if he already bears such a mark or the remnants of such mark.

(4) If a contesting candidate or his election or polling agent alleges that an elector to whom a ballot paper is about to be issued already has one or more ballot papers in his possession, the Presiding Officer may require the elector to satisfy him that he does not have any other ballot paper in his possession and may also take such measures as he thinks fit to ensure that such elector does not insert more than one ballot paper in the ballot box.

(5) The elector, on receiving the ballot paper, shall-

¹²⁵(a) if so requested by any contesting candidate or an election agent ¹²⁶or polling agent, show the official mark on the back of the ballot paper to him;

(aa) forthwith proceed to the place reserved for marking the ballot paper;

(b) put the prescribed mark on the ballot paper at any place within the space containing the name and symbol of the contesting candidate for whom he wishes to vote; and

(c) after he has so marked, fold the ballot paper and insert it in the ballot box.

(6) The elector shall vote without undue delay and shall leave the polling station immediately after he has inserted his ballot paper in the ballot box.

(7) Where an elector is blind or is otherwise so incapacitated that he cannot vote without the assistance of a companion, the Presiding Officer shall allow him such assistance and thereupon such elector may do with such assistance any thing which an elector is required or permitted to do under this Order.

¹²⁷***

(1) If a person representing himself to be an elector applies for a ballot paper when another person has already represented himself to be that elector and has voted under the name of the persons so applying, he shall be entitled, subject to the provisions of this Article to receive a ballot paper (hereinafter referred to as “tendered ballot paper”) in the same manner as any other elector.

(2) A tendered ballot paper shall, instead of being put into the ballot box, be given to the Presiding Officer who shall endorse thereon the name and number in the electoral roll of the person applying for it and place it in a separate packet endorsed with the name of the candidate for whom such person wishes to vote.

(3) The name of the person applying for a ballot paper under clause (1) and his number on the electoral roll shall be entered in a list (hereinafter referred to as “the tendered votes list”) to be prepared by the Presiding Officer.

(1) If, at the time a person applies for a ballot paper for the purpose of voting, a candidate or his ¹²⁸election agent or polling agent declares to the Presiding Officer that he has reasonable cause to believe that that person has already voted at the election, at the same or another polling station or is not the person against whose name entered in the electoral roll he is seeking to vote, and undertakes to prove the charge in a Court of law and deposits with the Presiding Officer in cash such sum as may be prescribed, the Presiding Officer may, after warning the person of the consequences and obtaining his thumb impression and, if he is literate, also his signature, on the counterfoil, issue a ballot paper (hereinafter referred to as “challenged ballot paper”) to that person.

(2) If the Presiding Officer issues a ballot paper under clause (1) to such person he shall enter the name and address of that person in a list to be prepared by him (hereinafter referred to as “the challenged votes list”) and obtain thereon the thumb impression and, if he is literate, also the signature, of that person.

(3) A ballot paper issued under clause (1) shall, after it has been marked and folded by the elector, be placed in the same condition in a separate packet bearing the label “challenged ballot papers” instead of being placed in the ballot box.

(1) An elector who has inadvertently so spoilt his ballot paper that it cannot be used as a valid ballot paper may, upon proving the fact of inadvertence to the satisfaction of the Presiding Officer and returning the ballot paper to him, obtain another ballot paper and cast his vote by such other ballot paper.

(2) The Presiding Officer shall forthwith cancel the ballot paper returned to him under clause (1), make a note to that effect on the counterfoil over his own signature and sign the cancelled ballot paper, and place it in a separate packet labelled “Spoilt Ballot Papers”.

No person shall be given any ballot paper or be permitted to vote after the hour fixed for the close of the poll except the persons who at that hour are present within the building room, tent or enclosure in which the polling station is situated and have not voted but are waiting to vote.

(1) Immediately after the close of the poll, that is, as soon as the last of such persons, if any, as are present and waiting to vote as mentioned in Article 35, has voted, the Presiding Officer shall, in the presence of such of the contesting candidates, election agents and polling agents as may be present, proceed with the count of votes.

(2) The Presiding Officer shall give such of the contesting candidates, election agents and polling agents as may be present, reasonable facility of observing the count and give them such information with respect thereto as can be given consistently with the orderly conduct of the count and the discharge of his duties in connection therewith.

(3) No person other than the Presiding Officer, the Polling Officer, any other person on duty in connection with the poll, the contesting candidates, ¹²⁹election agents, polling agents ¹³⁰, election observers and media personnel shall be allowed to remain present at the count.

(4) The Presiding Officer shall-

(a) open the used ballot box or ballot boxes and count the entire lot of ballot papers taken out therefrom;

(b) open the packed labelled "challenged ballot papers" and include the ballot papers therein the count;

(c) count, in such manner as may be prescribed, the votes cast in favour of each contesting candidate excluding from the count the ballot papers which bear-

¹³¹(i) no official mark and signature;

(ii) any writing or any mark other than the official mark and the prescribed mark or to which a piece of paper or any other object of any kind has been attached;

(iii) no prescribed mark indicating the contesting candidate for whom the elector has voted; or

(iv) any mark from which it is not clear for whom the elector has voted, provided that a ballot paper shall be deemed to have been marked in favour of a candidate if the whole or more than half of the area of the prescribed mark appears clearly within the space containing the name and symbol of that candidate; and where the prescribed mark is divided equally between two such spaces, the ballot paper shall be deemed not to show clearly for whom the elector has voted.

(5) The Presiding Officer may recount the votes-

(a) of his own motion if he considers it necessary; or

(b) ¹³²upon the request in writing of a contesting candidate or an election agent or polling agent present if, in his opinion, the request is not unreasonable.

(6) The valid ballot papers cast in favour of each contesting candidate shall be put in separate packets and each such packet shall be sealed and shall contain a certificate as to the number of ballot papers put in it and shall also indicate the nature of the contents thereof, specifying the name and symbol of the contesting candidate to whom the packet relates.

(7) The ballot papers excluded from the count shall be put in a separate packet indicating thereon the total number of ballot papers contained therein.

(8) The packets mentioned in clause (6) and (7) shall be put in a principal packet which shall be seated by the Presiding Officer.

(9) The Presiding Officer shall, immediately after the count, prepare a statement of the count in such form as may be prescribed showing therein ¹³³,in both words and figures, the number of valid votes polled by each contesting candidate and the ballot paper excluded from the count.

(10) The Presiding Officer shall also prepare in the prescribed form a ballot paper account showing separately-

(a) the number of ballot papers entrusted to him;

(b) the number of ballot papers taken out of the ballot box or boxes and counted;

(c) the number of tendered ballot papers;

(d) the number of challenged ballot papers;

(e) the number of un issued ballot papers; and

(f) the number of spoilt ballot papers.

¹³⁴(11) The Presiding Officer shall ¹³⁵*** give a certified copy of the statement of the count and the ballot-paper account, showing the numbers in both words and figures, to such of the candidates, their election agents or polling agents as may be present, and obtain a receipt for such copy, and if any such person refuses to give any receipt, the Presiding Officer shall record that fact.

(12) The Presiding Officer shall seal in separate packets-

(a) un-issued ballot papers;

(b) spoilt ballot papers;

(c) tendered ballot papers;

(d) challenged ballot papers;

(e) the marked copies of the electoral rolls;

(f) counterfoils of used ballot papers;

(g) the tendered votes list;

¹³⁶(gg) ballot box issue forms showing the total number of ballot boxes issue and used.

(h) the challenged votes list; and

(i) such other papers as the Returning Officer may direct.

¹³⁷(13) The Presiding Officer shall obtain on each statement and packet prepared under this Article the signature of such of the contesting candidates or their election agents or polling agents as may be present, and if any such person refuses to sign, the Presiding Officer shall record that fact.

(14) A person entitled to sign a packet or statement under clause (13) may, if he so desires, also affix his seal to it.

(15) After the close of the proceedings under the foregoing clause the Presiding Officer shall, in compliance with such instructions as may be given by the Commission in this behalf, cause the packets, the statement of the count and the ballot paper account prepared by him to be sent to the Returning Officer together with such other records as the Commission may direct ¹³⁸, and shall also send a copy of the statement of the count to the Commission by post.

(1) The Returning Officer shall give the contesting candidates and their election agents a notice in writing of the day, time and place for the consolidation of the results and, in the presence of such of the contesting candidates and election agents as may be present, consolidate in the prescribed manner the results of the count furnished by the Presiding Officer, including, therein the postal ballots received by him before the time aforesaid.

¹³⁹(2) Before consolidating the results of the count, the Returning Officer, if he thinks necessary, may examine the ballot papers excluded from the count by the Presiding Officer and, if he finds that any such ballot paper should not have been so excluded, may count it as a ballot paper cast in favor of the contesting candidate for whom the vote has been cast thereby.

(3) The Returning Officer shall also count the ballot papers received by him by post in such manner as may be prescribed and include the votes cast in favour of each contesting candidate in the consolidated statement except those which he may reject on any of the grounds mentioned in clause (4) of Article 36.

(4) The ballot papers rejected by the Returning Officer under clause (3) shall be shown separately in the consolidated statement.

(5) The Returning Officer shall not recount the valid ballot papers in respect of any polling station unless-

(a) the count by the Presiding Officer is challenged in writing by a contesting candidate or his election agent and the Returning Officer is satisfied about the reasonableness of the challenge; or

(b) he is directed so to do by the Commission.

¹⁴⁰37A. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Order, the office of the Returning Officer shall, for each constituency, be deemed to be a polling station solely for the purpose of counting all postal ballots duly received by the Returning Officer up to the official closing time of the poll.

(2) The Returning Officer shall appoint a Presiding Officer and such number of Polling Officers as he may deem necessary to conduct the counting of postal ballots.

(3) The Presiding Officer shall, in the presence of the contesting candidates or their election agents or polling agents, open the postal ballot envelopes and count the votes cast in favour of each contesting candidate in such manner and in accordance with such procedure as may be prescribed by the Commission.

(4) Upon completion of the counting of all postal ballots, the Presiding Officer shall prepare a duly authenticated statement of the postal ballot count in the prescribed form and shall submit the same to the Returning Officer without delay.

(5) The Returning Officer shall incorporate the postal ballot count, as submitted by the Presiding Officer, into the consolidated result of the constituency in accordance with the provisions of Article 37 of this Order and the Rules, if any made thereunder.

¹⁴¹38. Where, after consolidation of the results of the count under Article 37, it is found that there is equality of votes between two or more contesting candidates, the Returning Officer shall forthwith submit a written report on such equality of votes to the Commission and the Commission shall then direct the Returning Officer to arrange for a re-poll among the contesting candidates who have secured an equal number of votes.

¹⁴²(1) The Returning Officer shall, after obtaining the result of the count under Article 37, declare by public notice the contesting candidate who has received the highest number of votes to be elected.

(2) The public notice shall contain the name of, and the total number of votes received by, each contesting candidate as a result of consolidation under Article 37..

(3) The Returning Officer shall, immediately after publication of the notice under clause (1), submit to the Commission a return of the election in the prescribed form together with a copy of the consolidated statement.

(4) The Commission shall publish in the official Gazette the name of the returned candidate.

The Returning Officer shall-

(a) immediately after preparing the consolidated statement and the return of election result in the prescribed manner the packets and statement opened by him for the purpose of consolidation permitting such of the candidates and their election agents, as may be present to sign the packets and affix their seals to such packets if they so desire; and

(b) supply duly attested copies of the consolidated statement and the return of election to such of the candidates and their election agents as may desire to have them.

(1) After the termination of the proceedings relating to an election under Article 17 where the proceedings have been so terminated, or after the declaration of the result of an election under Article 19, or Article 39, the deposit made under Article 13 in respect of any candidate shall be returned to the person making it or to his legal representative except the deposit in respect of a candidate who has received less than one-eighth of the total number of votes cast at the election.

(2) A deposit which is not required to be returned under clause (1) shall be forfeited to the Government.

(1) The Returning Officer shall retain on behalf of the Commission-

(a) the packets containing the ballot papers each of which shall be sealed with the seal of the Presiding Officer, or, if opened by the Returning Officer, with the seal of the Returning Officer;

(b) the packets containing the counterfoils of issued ballot papers;

(c) the packets containing the marked copies of the electoral rolls;

(d) the packets containing the ballot paper account;

(e) the packet containing the tendered ballot papers, the challenged ballot papers, the tendered votes list and the challenged votes list; and

(f) such other papers as the Commission may direct.

(2) The Returning Officer shall endorse on each packet retained under clause (1) the description of its contents, the date of the election to which the contents relate and the name and number of the constituency for which the election was held.

(3) The documents contained in the packets mentioned in clause (1) shall be retained for a period of one year, and thereafter the Commission shall, unless otherwise directed by the High Court Division, cause them to be destroyed.

The documents retained under Article 42, except the ballot papers, shall be open to public inspection at such time and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, and the Returning Officer shall, upon an application made in this behalf and on payment of such fee and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, furnish copies of, or extracts from, those documents.

(1) The High Court Division may order the opening of packets of counterfoils and certificates or the inspection of any counted ballot papers.

(2) An order under clause (1) may be made subject to such conditions as to persons, time, place and mode of inspection, production of documents and opening of packets as the High Court Division making the order may think expedient:

Provided that in making and carrying into effect an order for the inspection of counted ballot papers, care shall be taken that no vote shall be disclosed until it has been held by the High Court Division to be invalid.

(3) Where an order is made under clause (1), the production by the Returning Officer of any document in such manner as may be directed by the order shall be conclusive evidence that the document relates to the election specified in the order, and any endorsement or any packet of ballot papers so produced shall be Prima facie evidence that the ballot papers are what the endorsement states them to be.

4. The production from proper custody of a ballot paper purporting to have been used at an election, and of a counterfoil having a number, shall be Prima facie evidence that the elector whose vote was given by that ballot paper was the elector who had on the electoral roll the same number as was written on the counterfoil.

(5) Save as in this section provided, no person shall be allowed to inspect any rejected or counted ballot paper in the possession of the Returning Officer.

¹⁴⁴44A. In this Chapter, "election expenses" means any expenditure incurred or payment made, whether by way of gift, loan, advance, deposit or otherwise, for the arrangement, conduct or benefit of, or in connection with, or incidental to, the election of any candidate or any political party, including the expenditure on account of issuing circulars or publications or otherwise presenting to the electors the candidate's or party's views, aims or objects, but does not include the deposit made under Article 13.

44AA. (1) ¹⁴⁵At the time of submitting the nomination paper, every contesting candidate shall submit to the Returning Officer, a statement, in the prescribed form, of the probable sources of fund to meet his election expenses showing-

(a) the sum to be provided by him from his own income and the sources of such income;

(b) the sum to be borrowed, or received as voluntary contribution, from his relations and the sources of their income;

(c) the sum to be borrowed, or received as voluntary contribution, from any other person;

(d) the sum to received as voluntary contribution from any political party, organisation or association;

(e) the sum to be received from any other source ¹⁴⁶:

Provided that the provisions of sub-clauses (a) to (e) shall not apply to a case where the amount of such sum is not more than taka five thousand to be received as voluntary contribution or grant.

Explanation - In this clause, “relations” mean spouse, parents, sons, daughters, brothers and sisters.

(2) The statement under clause (1) shall be accompanied by a statement, in the prescribed form, of the contesting candidate's assets and liabilities and his annual income and expenditure and ¹⁴⁷***, a copy of the income-tax return last submitted by him.

(3) A copy of the statement submitted under clause (1), together with a copy of the statement and the return mentioned in clause (2), shall be sent by the contesting candidate to the Commission by registered post at the time of their submission to Returning Officer.

(4) If the contesting candidate receives any sum from any source other than any of the sources mentioned in his statement submitted under clause (1), he shall, ¹⁴⁸ with the return under clause (1) of Article 44C , submit a supplementary statement to the Returning Officer showing the sum so received and the source from which it is received, and a copy of such statement shall be sent by him to the Commission by registered post at the time of its submission to the Returning Officer.

(1) No person shall, except to the extent provided in clause (2), make any payment whatsoever towards the election expenses of a candidate except to the election agent of such candidate.

(2) No person other than the election agent of a contesting candidate shall incur any election expenses of such candidate:

Provided that-

¹⁴⁹* * *

(ii) any person may, if so authorised by the election agent in writing specifying a maximum amount, to the extent of such amount, make payment for stationery, postage, telegram and other petty expenses.

¹⁵⁰¹⁵¹(3) The election expenses of a contesting candidate, including the expenditure incurred for him by the political party which has nominated him as its candidate, shall not exceed such amount as may be calculated on the basis of taka Ten per voter or total taka twenty five lac whichever is higher:

(3A) The amount of the money mentioned in clause (3) or any portion thereof shall not be utilised for-

¹⁵²(a) printing of a poster; or

(aa) printing of any banner, leaflet or handbill with more than one colour, or of a size bigger than the size prescribed or specified by the Commission; or

¹⁵³***

(d) setting up a pandal covering an area of more that four hundred square feet; or

¹⁵⁴***

(f) employing or using more than three microphones or loudspeakers at a time in a constituency; or

(g) commencing election publicity in any manner at any time three weeks prior to the date fixed for the poll; or

¹⁵⁵(h) setting up more than one election camp or office in any union or in any ward of a municipality or city, or more than one central election camp or office in any constituency; or

(hh) entertainment of electors in any manner; or

(i) using any vehicle or vessel such as, truck, bus, car, taxi, motor cycle and speed-boat, for taking out any procession; or

¹⁵⁶(ii) hiring or using any vehicle or vessel of any kind for conveying electors to or from any polling station; or

(j) illumination by use of electricity in any form; or

¹⁵⁷***

¹⁵⁸(l) display of a symbol or portrait of a candidate exceeding the size prescribed or specified by the Commission; or

¹⁵⁹(m) writing in ink or paint or in any manner whatsoever as means of advertisement for propogating election campaign ¹⁶⁰; or

¹⁶¹(n) to operate camps on the polling day.

¹⁶²(3B) Any money utilized in violation of any provision of clause (3A) shall be deemed to be election expenses incurred by the contesting candidate concerned in excess of the amount mentioned in clause (3) and shall be deemed to be a contravention of Article 44B.

(4) Any candidate incurring personal expenditure and any person making any payment under clause (2) shall, within ¹⁶³seven days of the declaration of the result of the election, send to the election agent a statement of such expenditure or particulars of such payment.

(5) An election agent shall, by a bill stating the particulars and by a receipt, vouch for every payment made in respect of election expenses except where the amount is less than Taka ¹⁶⁴one hundred.

¹⁶⁵44BB. Every election agent or, where there is no such agent, the contesting candidate shall-

(a) open as separate account with a scheduled bank for the purpose of making payments of the election expense, other than personal expenditure, that may be incurred in pursuance of the provisions of Article 44B;

(b) make from that account all payments towards the said election expense, other than personal expenditure.

(1) Every election agent of a contesting candidate shall, within ¹⁶⁶thirty days after the publication of the name of the returned candidate under Article 19, or Article 39, submit to the Returning Officer a return of election expenses in the prescribed form containing-

(a) a statement of all payments made by him ¹⁶⁷each day together with all the bill and receipts;

¹⁶⁸(aa) a statement certified by the scheduled bank refered to in clause (a) of article 44BB showing the amount deposited in and withdrawn from the account opened under that clause;

(b) a statement of the amount of personal expenditure, if any, incurred by the contesting candidate;

(c) a statement of all disputed claims of which the election agent is aware;

(d) a statemer of all unpaid claims, if any, of which the election agent is aware;

[(e) a statement of all sums received from any sources, together with evidence of such receipts, for the purpose of election expenses, specifying the name of every such source.]

(2) The return submitted under clause (1) shall be accompanied by an affidavit sworn severally by the contesting candidate and his election agent or, where a contesting candidate is his own election agent, only by such candidate.

¹⁶⁹(3) A copy of return submitted under clause (1), together with a copy of the affidavit mentioned in clause (2), shall be sent by the election agent to the Commission by registered post at the time of their submission to the Returning Officer.

¹⁷⁰44CC. (1) Every political party setting up any candidate for election shall maintain proper account of all its income and expenditure for the period from the date of publication of notification under clause (1) of Article 11 till the completion of elections in all the constituencies in which it has set up candidates and such account shall show clearly the amount received by it as donation above ¹⁷¹taka five thousand from any candidate or any person seeking nomination or from any other person or source giving their names and addresses and the amount received from each of them and the mode of receipt ¹⁷²and these details of the list of amounts received as donations must be transparently published on the political party's official website.

(2) The funds of every such political party shall be deposited and maintained in any scheduled bank.

(3) No such political party shall expend during the aforesaid period for election purposes, including election expenses for the contesting candidates set up by it, an amount exceeding-

(a) where the number of such candidates is more than two hundred, ¹⁷³taka four crore and fifty lakh,

(b) where the number of such candidates is more than one hundred but not more than two hundred, ¹⁷⁴taka three crore,

(c) where the number of such candidates is, ¹⁷⁵ more than fifty but not more than one hundred, taka one crore and fifty lakh ¹⁷⁶,

(d) where the number of such candidates is not more than fifty, taka seventy five lakh:

Provided that the amount mentioned in sub-clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) shall be subject to maximum taka one lakh and fifty thousand per candidate¹⁷⁷:

Provided further that the expenditure incurred by the party chief for travelling to various constituencies for the purposes of election campaign shall be excluded.

(4) No such political party shall receive any donation amounting to more than ¹⁷⁸taka twenty thousand unless it is made by cheque.

(5) If any political party contravenes any provision of this Article, it shall be punishable with fine which may extend to taka ten lakh.

44CCC. (1) Every political party nominating any candidate for election shall submit to the ¹⁷⁹Commission, for its scrutiny, within ninety days of the completion of election in all constituencies, an expenditure statement giving details of the expenses incurred or authorised by it in connection with the election of its candidates for the period from the date of publication of the notification under clause (1) of Article 11 till the completion of elections in all the constituencies in which it has set up candidates.

(2) The expenditure mentioned in clause (1) shall include, to be shown separately, expenditure incurred on general propagation of the manifesto, policy, aims and objects of the party and expenditure incurred or authorized in connection with the election of each of its contesting candidates.

(3) ¹⁸⁰Every statement submitted under clause (1) shall be certified to be correct and complete by the secretary to the party, showing the opening balance of the party funds on the date of publication of the notification under clause (1), of Article 11, the closing balance of the funds on the date of completion of election in all constituencies and the total amount received by the party, as donation or otherwise, during the period between the said two dates.

¹⁸¹***

¹⁸²(5) If any registered political party fails to submit its expenditure statement within the time specified in clause (1), the Commission shall issue a notice of warning directing it to submit the statement within thirty days and if the concerned registered political party fails to submit it within that period of time, the Commission may, subject to payment of a fine of taka ten thousand, extend the time for another fifteen days, and if such registered political party fails to submit its statement within that extended time, the Commission may cancel its registration.

¹⁸³44D.(1) The statement, return and documents submitted under Articles 44AA, 44C and 44CCC shall be kept by the Returning Officer or the Commission, as the case may be, in his or its office or at such other convenient place as he or it may think fit and shall, during one year from the date of receipt, be open for inspection by any person on payment of the prescribed fees.

(2) The Commission or the Retuning Officer shall, on an application made in this behalf and on payment of the prescribed fees, give any person copies of any statement, return or document or any part thereof kept under clause (1).

(3) The copies of the statements, return or documents under clause (1) shall be published in the website of the Commission.

(1) During the period after the publication of a notification under Article 11 and the expiration of fifteen days after the declaration of the result of the election by the Returning Officer under Article 39, no-

¹⁸⁵***

¹⁸⁶(aa) Divisional Commissioner;

¹⁸⁷(aa1) Deputy Inspector General of Police;

(aaa) Metropolitan Police Commissioner;

(b) Deputy Commissioner,

(c) Superintendent of Police, or

(d) Officer subordinate to any of them serving in the ¹⁸⁸division, district or metropolitan area concerned, shall be transfered to any place without prior consultation with the Commission.

¹⁸⁹(2) When it appears necessary to transfer any employee of any department of the Government or of any other organisation in the interest of fair election, the Commission may request the concerned authority in the matter in writing and such transfer shall have to be made effective ¹⁹⁰forthwith on receipt of such request from the Commission.

(3) No person whose name appears in a panel prepared under Article 9 shall be transfered outside the district without the prior approval of the Returning Officer till the polls are taken.

(4) All persons mentioned in clause (1) shall render all such assistance and help as may be required by the Returing Officer for the purposes of the election.]

[Omitted]

Omitted by section 6 of the Representation of the People (Second Amendment) Ordinance, 1978 (L of 1978).]

¹⁹¹49. (1) No election shall be called in question except by an election petition presented by a candidate for that election in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.

(2) An election petition shall be presented to the High Court Division within such time as may be prescribed.

(3) An election petition shall be accompanied by as many copies thereof as there are respondents mentioned in the petition and every such copy shall be attested by the petitioner under his own signature to be a true copy of the petition.

(4) At the time of presenting an election petition, the petitioner shall deposit in the High Court Division in accordance with the rules of the High Court Division a sum of ¹⁹²Taka five thousand as security for the costs of the petition.

The petitioner shall join as respondents to his election petition-

¹⁹⁴* * *

Explanation-In this Article and in the following provisions of this Chapter, “corrupt or illegal practice” means a “corrupt practice” or an “illegal practice” within the meaning of Chapter VI.

(1) Every election petition shall contain-

(2) A petitioner may claim as relief any of the following declarations, namely-

(3) Every election petition and every schedule or annex to that petition shall be signed by the petitioner and verified in the manner laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 for the verification of pleadings.

Section 52. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 21 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

Section 53. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 21 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

Section 54. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 21 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

Section 55. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 21 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

Section 56. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 21 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Order and the rules, every election petition shall be tried, as nearly as may be, in accordance with the procedure for the trial of suits under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908:

Provided that the High Court Division may-

(2) Subject to the provisions of this Order the Evidence Act, 1872, shall apply for the trial of an election petition.

(3) The High Court Division may, at any time, upon such terms and on payment of such fee as it may direct, allow a petition to be amended in such manner as may, in its opinion, be necessary for ensuring a fair and effective trial and for determining the real questions at issue, so however that no new ground of challenge to the election is permitted to be raised.

(4) At any time during the trial of an election petition, the High Court Division may call upon the petitioner to deposit such further sum by way of security, in addition to the sum deposited under Article 49, as it may think fit.

¹⁹⁵(5) The High Court Division shall not adjourn the trial of an election petition for any purpose unless such adjournment is in its opinion necessary in the interest of justice.

(6) The High Court Division shall try an election petition as expeditiously as possible and shall endeavour to conclude the trial within six months from the date on which the election petition is ¹⁹⁶presented to it for trial ¹⁹⁷.

¹⁹⁸* * *

The High Court Division shall dismiss an election petition, if-

Section 59. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 24 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2001 (Act No. LVII of 2001).]

(1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any other law for the time being in force, no document shall be inadmissible in evidence at the trial of an election petition only on the ground that it is not duly stamped or registered.

(2) No witness shall be excused from answering any question as to any matter in issue, or relevant to a matter in issue, in the trial of an election petition upon the ground that the answer to such question may incriminate or tend to incriminate him or that it may expose or tend to expose him to penalty or forfeiture but no witness shall be required or permitted to state for whom he has voted at an election.

(3) A witness who answers truly all questions which he is required to answer shall be entitled to receive a certificate of indemnity from the High Court Division and answer given by him to a question put by or before the High Court Division shall not, except in the case of any criminal proceeding for perjury in respect of his evidence be admissible in evidence against him in any civil or criminal proceedings.

(4) A certificate of indemnity granted to any witness under clause (3) may be pleaded by him in any Court and shall be a full and complete defence to or upon any charge under Chapter IXA of the Penal Code or under this Order arising out of the matter to which such certificate relates but it shall not be deemed to relieve him from any disqualification in connection with an election imposed by any law for the time being in force.

(5) The reasonable expenses incurred by any person in attending to give evidence may be allowed to him by the High Court Division and shall, unless the High Court Division otherwise directs, be deemed to be part of the costs.

(1) Where in an election petition a declaration is claimed that a candidate other than the returned candidate has been duly elected, the returned candidate or any other party may produce evidence to prove that the election of such other candidate would have been declared void had he been the returned candidate and had a petition been presented calling his election in question:

Provided that the returned candidate or such other party as aforesaid shall not be entitled to give such evidence unless he has, within the fourteen days next following the commencement of the trial, given notice to the High Court Division of his intention so to do and has also deposited the security referred to in Article 49.

(2) Every notice referred to in clause (1) shall be accompanied by a statement of the case, and all the provisions relating to the contents, verification, trial and procedure of an election petition, or to the security deposit in respect of an election petition shall apply to such a statement as if it were an election petition.

(1) The High Court Division may, upon the conclusion of the trial of an election petition, make an order-

(2) Save as provided in clause (3), the decision of High Court Division on an election petition shall be final.

²⁰⁰(3) Any person aggrieved by a decision of the High Court Division may, within thirty days of the announcement of the decision, appeal to the Appellate Division, if it grants leave to appeal.

(1) The High Court Division shall declare the election of the returned candidate to be void if it is satisfied that-

²⁰¹(e) The returned candidate has spent more money than what is allowed under Article 44B(3).

(2) The election of a returned candidate shall not be declared void on the ground-

The High Court Division shall declare the election of the returned candidate to be void and the petitioner or any other contesting candidate to have been duly elected, if it is so claimed by the petitioner or any of the respondents and the High Court Division is satisfied that the petitioner or such other contesting candidate was entitled to be declared elected.

The High Court Division shall declare the election as a whole to be void if it is satisfied that the result of the election has been materially affected by reason of-

(1) Where, after the conclusion of the trial, it appears that there is an equality of votes between two or more contesting candidates, and the addition of one vote for one such candidate would entitle him to be declared elected, the High Court Division shall so inform the Commission. In the event that no appeal is filed against the decision of the High Court Division, the Commission shall, after expiry of the period specified for the filing of an appeal, direct a fresh poll to be taken in respect of the said candidate, and fix a date for such poll, but otherwise, the Commission shall await the result of the appeal and shall act as above only if the decision of the High Court Division is uphold in appeal on all points.

(2) All the provisions of this Order relating to polling, counting of votes, preparation of ballot paper account declaration of result and preservation and inspection of documents shall apply to the fresh poll as at an election held under the provisions of this order.

²⁰²67. (1) The High Court Division shall, as soon as possible after the conclusion of the trial of an election petition, intimate the substance of its decision to the Commission and shall, as soon as may be, send to the Commission an authenticated copy of its order.

(2) As soon as may be after the receipt of any order made by the High Court Division under Article 62, the Commission shall publish it in the official Gazette.

(3) An order made by the High Court Division under Article 62 shall take effect on the date on which it is made.

²⁰³(1) An election petition may be withdrawn by leave of the High Court Division.

(2) Where leave is granted by the High Court Division, the petitioner shall be ordered to pay the costs incurred by the respondents to the election petition or such portion thereof as the High Court Division may direct.

(1) An election petition shall abate on the death of a sole petitioner or of the sole survivor of several petitioners.

²⁰⁴(2) Where an election petition abates under clause (1), notice of the abatement shall be given by the High Court Division to the Commission.

If, before the conclusion of the trial of an election petition, a respondent dies or gives notice in the prescribed form that he does not intend to contest the petition, and no respondent remains to contest the petition, the High Court Division shall, without any further hearing, or after giving such persons as it may think fit an opportunity of being heard, decide the case ex parte.

Where, at any stage of the trial of an election petition, no petitioner makes an appearance, the High Court Division may dismiss the petition for default, and make such order as to costs as it may think fit.

(1) The High Court Division shall, when making an order under Article 62, also make an order determining in its discretion the costs and specifying the persons by and to whom such costs are to be paid.

(2) If, in any order as to costs under clause (1), there is a direction for the payment or costs by any party to any person, such costs shall, if they have not already been paid, be payable in full, and shall upon application in writing in that behalf made to the High Court Division within six months of the order by the person to whom costs have been awarded, be paid, as far as possible, out of the security for costs deposited by such party.

(3) Where no costs have been awarded against a party who has deposited security for costs, or where no application for payment of costs has been made within the aforesaid six months, or where a residue remains after costs have been paid out of the security, such security or the residue thereof, as the case may be, shall, upon application in writing therefor by the person who made the deposit or by his legal representative, be returned by the High Court Division to the person making the application.

(4) Any order for costs may be enforced upon application in writing made to the principal civil Court of original jurisdiction of the district in which the person from whom the costs are to be recovered resides or owns property, or of the district in which the constituency, or any part of the constituency, to which the disputed election relates, is situated as if such order were a decree passed by that Court:

Provided that no proceeding shall be brought under this clause except in respect of costs which have not been recovered by an application under clause (2).

A person is guilty of corrupt practice punishable with ²⁰⁵rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall not be less than two years, and also with fine, if he-

²⁰⁶* * *

²⁰⁷(2) has not any election expenses from any source other than sources specified by the contesting candidate in the statement or the supplementary statement submitted under Article 44AA;

(2A) contravenes the provisions of Article 44B;

(2B) is guilty of bribery, personation or undue influence;

(3) makes or publishes a false statement-

(4) calls upon or persuades any person to vote, or to refrain from voting for any candidate on the ground that he belongs to a particular religion, community, race, caste, sect or tribe;

(5) knowingly, in order to support or oppose a candidate, lets, lends, employs, hires, borrows or uses any vehicle or vessel for the purpose of conveying to or from the polling station any elector except himself and members of his immediate family; or

(6) causes or attempts to cause any person present and waiting to vote at the polling station to depart without voting.

²⁰⁸73A. (1) Whoever, during the period from publication of notification under Article 11 to the date of publication of result of the election in the official gazette knowingly creates, publishes, shares, or promotes any false or misleading information, image, video, audio, or other content-whether created manually or generated by artificial intelligence (AI) tools- with intent to harm the reputation of any contesting candidate or to influence the election result or otherwise impair the electoral integrity and environment, or uses automated bots, fake accounts, or synthetic media to disseminate false information against opposition candidates, political parties or the Commission, shall be guilty of corrupt practice under Article 73 and shall be punished thereunder.

(2) If the offence is committed by a person on behalf of a political party, candidate, campaign organization, or media agency, both the individual and the entity shall be held jointly liable.

A person is guilty of illegal practice ²⁰⁹punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall not be less than two years, and also with fine, if he-

²¹⁰* * *

²¹¹(2) fails to comply with the provisions of Article ²¹²44AA ²¹³, 44B or 44C

(2A) obtains or procures, or attempts to obtain or procure, the assistance of any person in the service of Bangladesh to further or hinder the election of a candidate;

(3) votes or applies for a ballot paper for voting at an election knowing that he is not qualified for, or is disqualified from, voting;

(4) votes or applies for a ballot paper for voting more than once in the same polling station;

(5) votes or applied for a ballot paper for voting in more than one polling station for the same election;

(6) removes a ballot paper from a polling station during the poll; or

(7) knowingly induces or procures any person to do any of the aforesaid acts.

A person is guilty of bribery, if he, directly or indirectly, by himself or by any other person on his behalf,-

(1) receives or agrees to receive or contracts for any gratification for voting or refraining from voting, or for being or refraining from being a candidate at, or for withdrawing from an election;

(2) gives, offers or promises any gratification to any person-

(3) (a) for the purpose of inducing-

Explanation- In this article “gratification” includes a gratification in money or estimable in money and all forms of entertainment or employment.

A person is guilty of personation, if he votes, or applies for a ballot paper or voting, as some other person whether that other person is living or dead or fictitious.

A person is guilty of undue influence, if he,-

(1) in order to induce or compel any person to vote or refrain from voting, or to offer himself as a candidate, or to withdraw his candidature, at an election, directly or indirectly by himself or by any other person on his behalf,-

(2) on account of any person having voted or refrained from voting, or having offered himself as a candidate, or having withdrawn his candidature, does any of the acts specified in sub clause (1);

(3) by abduction, duress or any fraudulent device or contrivance,-

Explanation- In this Article “harm” includes socialostracism or ex communication or expulsion from any caste or community.

(1) No person shall convene, hold or attend any public meeting, and no person shall promote or join in any procession within the area of any constituency ²¹⁴during the period beginning at forty-eight hours prior to start of the poll and ending at forty-eight hours after conclusion of the poll for any election in that constituency.

²¹⁵(1A) During the time mentioned in Article 78(1) no person shall:

(2) Any person who contravenes ²¹⁶the provisions of clause (1) or clause (1A) shall be punishable with ²¹⁷rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall not be less than two years, and also with fine.

A person is guilty of an offence ²¹⁸punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall not be less than six months, and also with fine, if he, within a radius of four hundred yards of the polling station, on the polling day-

(1) canvasses for votes;

(2) solicits the vote of any elector;

(3) persuades any elector not to vote at the election or for a particular candidate; or

(4) exhibits, except with the permission of the Returning Officer and as a place reserved for the candidate or his election agent beyond the radius of one hundred yards of the polling station, any notice, sign, banner or flag designed to encourage the electors to vote, or discourage the electors from voting, for any contesting candidate.

A person is guilty of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²¹⁹three years and shall not be less than six months, and also with fine , if he, on the polling day,-

(1) uses, in such manner as to be audible within the polling station, any gramophone, megaphone, loudspeaker or other apparatus for reproducing or amplifying sounds;

(2) persistently shouts in such manner as to be audible within the polling station;

(3) does any act which-

(4) abets the doing of any of the aforesaid acts.

(1) Except as provided in clause (2) a person is guilty of an offence punishable with ²²⁰rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²²¹seven years and shall not be less than three years, and also with fine, if he-

²²²(bb) is found in possession of any ballot paper or ballot paper book or is seen exhibiting them before the members of the public outside the polling station;

²²³(cc) without due authority and reasonable excuse destroy or interfere with any device, accessories or software programme that is used, or intended to be used ²²⁴***.

(2) A Returning Officer, Assistant Returning Officer, Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer or any other officer or clerk on duty in connection with the election, who is guilty of an offence under clause (1), shall be punishable with ²²⁶rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years and shall not be less than three years, and also with fine.

A person is guilty of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²²⁷five years and shall not be less than one year, and also with fine, if he-

(1) interferes or attempts to interfere with an elector when he records his vote;

(2) in any manner obtains or attempts to obtain in a polling station information as to the candidate for whom an elector is about to vote or has voted; or

(3) communicates at any time any information obtained in a polling station as to the candidate for whom an elector is about to vote or has voted.

A Returning Officer, Assistant Returning Officer, Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer, or Polling Officer, or any candidate, election agent or polling agent attending a polling station, or any person attending at the counting of votes is guilty of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²²⁸five years and shall not be less than one year, and also with fine if he-

(1) fails to maintain or aid in maintaining the secrecy of voting;

(2) communicates, except for any purpose authorised by any law, to any person before the poll is closed any information as to the official mark; or

(3) communicates any information obtained at the counting of votes as to the candidate for whom any vote is given by any particular ballot paper.

A Returning Officer, Assistant Returning Officer, Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer, Polling Officer or any other officer or clerk performing any duty in connection with an election, or any member of a police force, is guilty of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²²⁹five years and shall not be less than one year, and also with fine, if he, in the conduct or management of an election or maintenance of order at a polling station,-

(1) persuades any person to give his vote;

(2) dissuades any person from giving his vote;

(3) influences in any manner the voting of any person; or

(4) does any other act calculated to influence the result of the election.

²³⁰84A. If a person by threat, intimidation, hurt or otherwise by application of force, obstructs or tries to obstruct any person performing duties in connection with any election under this Order, or obstructs or tries to obstruct any representative of media or observer authorized by the Commission in connection with any election under this Order, and/or does any harm to his body or damage to his equipment related to performance of duty or prevents or tries to prevent any voter from going to polling station to cast vote or any candidate from submitting nomination paper, or compels or tries to compel any candidate to withdraw nomination paper, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall not be less than two years, and also with fine.

A Returning Officer, Assistant Returning Officer, Presiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officer or any other person employed by any such officer in connection with his official duties imposed by or under this Order is guilty of an offence punishable ²³¹with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to Taka five thousand, or with both, if he, wilfully and without reasonable cause, commits breach of any such official duty, by act or omission.

A person in the service of Bangladesh is guilty of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²³²five years and shall not be less than one year, and also with fine, if he, misuses his official position in a manner calculated to influence the result of the election.

²³³87. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898), or in any other law for the time being in force, a member of any law enforcing agency performing any duty in connection with an election-

²³⁵87A. (1) Any police officer, or any other member of a law enforcing agency performing any duty in connection with an election, shall remove or cause to be removed, or direct the removal of, whenever or wherever he comes to know about it or it comes to his notice, any-

²³⁶(a) poster or portrait or symbol of a candidate larger than the size prescribed or specified by the Commission;

²³⁷***

(2) If a police officer or any other member of a law enforcing agency fails or neglects to take action under clause (1), without any reasonable cause, he shall be deemed to be guilty of inefficiency or misconduct and his appointing authority shall, on being requested to do so by the Commission or the Returning Officer, take appropriate disciplinary action against him and inform the Commission or the Returning officer, as the case may be, about the action so taken, and shall note the action in the relevant service record.

(3) A Returning Officer or an Assistant Returning Officer may direct any police officer, or any other member of a law enforcing agency performing any duty in connection with an election, to remove, within such time as he may specify, any matter, thing or article which is liable to be removed under clause (1), and such police officer or member of the law enforcing agency shall take prompt action in accordance with such direction and report compliance to the Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer, and if such police officer or member of the law enforcing agency fails, refuses or neglects to comply, without any reasonable cause, he shall be deemed to be guilty of inefficiency or misconduct and the provision of clause (2) shall apply in this respect.

(4) A Returning Officer or an Assistant Returning Officer may give a direction to a candidate or his election agent to remove immediately any matter, thing or article which is liable to be removed under clause (1), and the candidate or his election agent shall act in accordance with such direction, and report compliance to the Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer; and if he fails or refuses or neglects to comply, without any reasonable cause, he shall be deemed to be guilty of corrupt practice under Article 73.

(5) Any matter, thing or article removed by any police officer or any other member of a law enforcing agency shall be deemed to have been seized from the possession of the candidate, and shall, if not destroyed in course of such removal, be kept in the custody, of the nearest police station and shall be destroyed or forfeited to the state, if no election petition is pending, after the expiry of a period of six months from the date of such custody.

(6) A police officer or any other member of a law enforcing agency may take, or cause to be taken, such steps or measures, including use of force, as may be necessary for performing any function or exercising any power under this Article.

(7) Any action taken under this Article shall be promptly communicated to the Commission, and also to the Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer.

(8) Any action taken under this Article shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, any other action or punishment that may be taken or imposed under any other provision of this Order.

(9) An action under this Article may be taken at anytime during the period from the date of the notification under clause (1) of Article 11 till the close of the poll in the entire constituency concerned (both days inclusive).

Section 88. [Omitted]

[Omitted by section 19 of the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 1991 (X) of 1991.]

(1) No Court shall take cognizance of an offence under clause (2) of Article 81, Article 83, Article 84, Article 85 or Article 86, except upon a complaint in writing made by order of, or under authority from, the Commission.

(2) The Commission shall, if it has reason to believe that any offence specified in clause (1) has been committed, cause such enquiries to be made or prosecution to be instituted as it may think fit.

²³⁸89A. ²³⁹1 Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898), any person for the time being performing any duty in connection with an election, excluding any member of a law enforcing agency, may, if authorized by the Commission, by general or special order, in this behalf-

²⁴²(2) The Superintendent of Police, Police Commissioner, the Officer-in-Charge of the local police station and the commander or any officer in-charge of any force engaged in election duty, shall provide striking force and render such other assistance as may be required by the person performing duties under this Article for the due discharge of his functions under this Order; and if any of the aforesaid persons fails, refuses, or neglects to comply, without any reasonable cause, he may be deemed to be guilty of inefficiency or misconduct.

(3) The Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer shall provide all necessary assistance as may be required by the person performing duties under this Article for the due discharge of his functions under this Order.

No prosecution for an offence under Article 73 or Article 74 shall be commenced except-

For the purpose of this Order, any political party may be registered with the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in Article 90B.

(1) If any political party desires to be registered, it shall-(a) fulfill one of the following conditions, namely-

Provided that nothing shall prevent them from organizing independently in their respective fields or forming association, society, trade union etc. and exercising all democratic and political rights, and individual, subject to the provisions of the existing laws, to be a member of any political party.

(2) If an independent member of parliament joins any unregistered political party, the fact of his joining shall not qualify that party for registration with the commission.

²⁴⁹(3) Application for registration of a political party with the Commission shall be made in the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner.

(4) The Commission shall verify the terms and conditions referred to in clause (1)(a)(iii) of Article 90B through field investigation in the manner prescribed by the Commission.

(1) A political party shall not be qualified for registration under this Chapter, if-

(2) No political party shall be registered under a name, under which another political party has already been registered :

Provided that where more than one party apply for registration with the same name and no party has already been registered under such name, the Commission may, after giving the parties reasonable opportunity of being heard, register any of the parties with such name.

(3) Commission shall not register any political party banned by the Government.

Any political party complying with the conditions laid down in Article 90A, Article 90B and not disqualified under Article 90C may apply for registration in the prescribed manner under the signature of its Chairman and General Secretary or any other person holding the equivalent rank :

Provided that the Commission may allow any political party to apply for registration which has a provisional consititution containing provisions as specified under sub-clauses (b)(i), (b)(ii), (b)(iii) and (b)(iv) of clauses (1) of Article 90B as well as complying with the provisions under Article 90C along with a resolution of the highest policy-making body of the party, by whatever name it may be called, to the effect that the party shall submit a ratified consititution ²⁵⁰within ²⁵¹30 (thirty) days from the date of application for registration.

(1) The Commission shall, after taking a decision to register a political party, issue a registration certificate in the prescribed form and shall publish it in the Official Gazette.

(2) If the application for registration of a political party is cancelled, the Commission shall, within ²⁵²fifteen working days, inform the concerned party of it in writing.

(3) The decision on registration by the Commission shall be final.

(1) Subject to the provision of clause (2), a registered political party shall be entitled to-

²⁵³(a) receive donation or grants or assets or service from any person, company, group of companies or non-government organization except the sources mentioned in clause (1) of Article 44CC:

Provided that such amount of donation or grants or assets or service shall not exceed the following limits, in a calendar year in the case of a person or a company or an organization, taka fifty lac or property or service equivalents to it:

Provided further that the donation or grants or assets or service as mentioned herein before which values taka fifty thousand or above shall be received through banking channels and shown in the tax return of the person making the donation or grants or assets or service provided;

(2) No registered political party shall receive any gift, donation, grant or money from any other country, or non-government organization assisted by foreign aid or from any person who is not a Bangladeshi by birth or any organization established or maintained by such person.

A registered political party shall inform the Commission in the prescribed manner about the compliance of the provisions in ²⁵⁴clause (1)(b) of Article 90B.

(1) The registration of a political party may be cancelled for the following reasons, namely-

(2) The Commission shall, prior to cancellation of registration under ²⁵⁹sub-clauses (c), (d), (e) and (f) give the concerned political party an opportunity of being heard in the prescribed manner.

(3) No political party shall be registered in the name of a political party which has been declared dissolved.

(4) The name of the dissolved and cancelled political parties shall be published in the Official Gazette.

90HH

²⁶⁰90HH. (1) The Election Commission may suspend the registration of any registered political party, and withhold the symbol reserved for it, until it is revoked, if-

(2) Where the registration of a political party is suspended under sub-clause (1), such suspension and withholding of its symbol, shall be published in the official Gazette.

(3) If any similar proceedings have already been undertaken, it shall be deemed to have been done under the said clause of the said Order as if the provision of that clause were in force before such action was taken.

If a registered political party is aggrieved by an order of cancellation of registration by the Commission, it may prefer an appeal to the High Court Division.]

²⁶¹91. ²⁶²* * * Save as otherwise provided, the Commission may-

²⁶³(a) stop the election at any polling station or entire constituency, as the case may be, at any stage of the election if it is convinced that it shall not be able to ensure the conduct of the election justly, fairly and in accordance with law due to malpractices, including coercion, intimidation and pressures or for a reason of an act of God prevailing at the election;

(1) ²⁶⁴* * * The Commission shall establish a Committee to ensure the prevention and control of pre-poll irregularities, to be known as the Electoral Enquiry ²⁶⁵and Adjudication Committee, hereinafter refereed to as “the Committee.”

(2) ²⁶⁶* * * The Committee shall consist of such number of persons as may be determined by the Commission from amongst the Judicial Officers.

(3) ²⁶⁷* * * The Committee shall, on the basis of information received by it, or complaints made to it, or on its own initiative, inquire into any matter or situation which in its view may constitute an offence under this order, or ²⁶⁸any pre-poll irregularity including any situation or matter which, in its opinion, may involve, by any person whosoever, as act or omission constituting intimidation, obstruction, coercion, or the publication of false information, or any other act or omission intended to or actually resulting in the obstruction or frustration of the preparation for, or the conduct of, free and fair election in accordance with this Order and the rules.

(4) ²⁶⁹* * * In performing its function under this order, and subject to the direction of the Commission, the Committee may conduct any inquiry as it deems necessary before the election is over.

(5) ²⁷⁰* * * The Committee, in conducting such inquiry, shall have the right to:

²⁷¹(6) After conducting an inquiry, the Committee shall inform the Commission within three days of the inquiry and may make a recommendation which may include-

²⁷²(6a) After receiving the recommendation under clause (6), the Commission may issue necessary order or instruction to the concerned person, or registered political party to implement the recommendation.

(6b) Where, any order or instruction is issued under clause (6a), the concerned person or registered political party shall carry out the same instantly.

(6c) In the event of non-compliance of an order or instruction made under clause (6a), the Commission may impose a fine not exceeding taka one lakh but not less than taka twenty thousand upon the concerned person or registered political party, and by a notification published in the official Gazette, cancel the candidature of the candidate.

²⁷³(7) The Commission shall, for the purpose of clause (1), specify the acts and omissions which shall be deemed to be per-poll irregularities and shall publish them in the official Gazette or in such other manner as it deems fit.

(8) Any proceeding before the Committee shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of sections 193 and 228 of the Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860).

(9) The Committee shall have the powers of a civil Court, while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908), in respect of enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath or affirmation and compelling the production of documents and material objects.

²⁷⁴91AA. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in Article 91A or in any other law for the time being in force, the Electoral Enquiry and Adjudication Committee shall have the jurisdiction to try summarily the offences under Articles 73, 75, 77 and clause (3) of Article 91B of this Order, and shall have the powers of a Magistrate of the first class to try such offences summarily in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act No. V of 1898).

(2) Subject to the provisions of Article 89, the Electoral Enquiry and Adjudication Committee shall also have power to take cognizance of other offences under this Order, not being offences mentioned in Article 89A; and, upon taking cognizance, shall forward the case to the competent Court having jurisdiction for trial in accordance with law.

(3) District Superintendent of Police, Police Commissioner, Inspector of Police or any police officer in charge of a station and the commander or any officer in-charge of any force engaged in election duty, shall provide striking force and render such other assistance as may be required by the Committee for the due discharge of its functions under this Order; and if any of the aforesaid persons fails, refuses, or neglects to comply, without any reasonable cause, he may be deemed to be guilty of inefficiency or misconduct.

(4) The Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer shall provide all necessary assistance as may be required by the Committee for the due discharge of its functions under this Order.

²⁷⁵91B. (1) The Commission may, for the purpose of ensuring free and fair election, formulate a Code of Conduct not inconsistent with the Provisions of this Order.

(2) Violation of any provision of the Code of Conduct shall be deemed to be pre-poll irregularity within the meaning of Article 91A.

(3) (a) Whoever contravenes any provision of the Code of Conduct formulated under clause (1) shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to 6 (six) months or with fine which may extend to taka 1 (one) lac and fifty thousand or with both;

(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Mobile Court Act, 2009 (Act No. 59 of 2009) or in any other law for the time being in force, the offence under clause (3) shall be triable by a Judicial Magistrate, Executive Magistrate or any other person who is empowered by the Commission in exercise of its power conferred upon it under Article 89A.

²⁷⁶91C. (1) The Commission may permit in writing any person, whether national or foreign, as an election observer who is in no way associated with or affiliated to, any political party or contesting candidate and who is not known for his sympathy, direct or indirect, for any particular political ideology, creed or cause or for any manifesto, program, aims or object of any political party or contesting candidate.

(2) An election observer may, in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Commission, observe any poll by staying, near about any polling station or entering into, with the permission of the Presiding Officer, any polling booth or polling station or by being present at the counting of votes or consolidation of the results of the count.

(3) No election observer shall be allowed to observe the poll as aforesaid, unless he displays the permit of the Commission bearing his name, nationality and photograph attested by the Commission.

(4) An election observer may be asked by any Returning Officer or Presiding Officer to leave any constituency or polling station, if he is found indulging in any activities not befitting any neutral election observer or interfering with the polling process or with the work of the election authorities in any manner.

(5) Any action taken under clause (4) shall be reported to the Commission forthwith.

(6) An election observer may submit a report to the Commission or the Returning Officer on his observation about the fairness or otherwise of the poll, discipline and situation inside and outside the polling station, counting of votes, consolidation of the results of the count, compliance with the provisions of this Order or the rules or the Code of Conduct, or on any other matter relating to election.

(7) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Order, the Commission or the Returning Officer, as the case may be, may consider the report of an election observer along with any other report submitted or sent to it or him under this Order at the time of taking any decision under any provision of this Order in respect of any matter on which the report of the observer has any bearing.

(1) The Commission, while making an enquiry under any provision of this Order, shall have, for the purposes of such enquiry, all the powers of a civil Court trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908), in respect of the following matters, namely:-

(2) Any proceeding before the Commission shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of sections 193 and 228 of the Penal Code (XLV of 1860).

(3) The Commission shall be deemed to be a civil Court within the meaning of sections 476, 480 and 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898).

(4) The Commission shall have the power to regulate its own procedure.

(5) Any person holding an enquiry under any provision of this Order, under the authority or direction of the Commission shall have the same powers as are vested in the Commission under this Article.]

²⁷⁷91E. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Order or rules, if it appears to the Commission on receiving an information from any source or written report that, any contesting candidate or his agent or any other person on his behalf, by his order or under his direct or indirect consent, engages or attempts to engage in any serious illegal activity or violates or attempts to violate any provision of this Order or rules or Code of Conduct for which he may be disqualified to be elected as a member, the Commission may pass an order for an investigation of the matter giving the contesting candidate a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(2) After receiving the investigation report under clause (1), if the Commission is satisfied that, the report was true, the Commission may, by a written order, cancel the candidature of such candidate and in that event the election shall be held among the other contesting candidates of the concerned constituency; and where only one person remains as a contesting candidate because of cancellation of cadidature of the other contesting candidate, election shall be held under Article 17 for that constituency ²⁷⁸:

²⁷⁹Provided that the candidate whose candidature has been cancelled under this clause shall not be eligible to be elected under Article 17.

(3) Any order made under clause (2) shall be sent to the concerned candidate or his election agent by hand or by fax or by e-mail or by courier service or by any other possible means.

(4) The order made under clause (2) shall immediately be sent to the Returning Officer, Presiding Officer and other contesting candidates and the political party that has nominated such candidate.

(5) The order made under clause (2) shall be notified in the Official Gazette and in any other manner which the commission thinks fit.

91F

²⁸⁰91F. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Order or rules made thereunder, if during the tenure of the parliament it appears to the Commission on receiving an information from any source or written report that there is any discrepancy or false information provided in any affidavit furnished by a returned candidate or in the return of income and expenditure, the Commission shall pass an order for an investigation of the matter giving the returned candidate a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(2) After receiving the investigation report under clause (1), if the Commission is satisfied that there is any discrepancy or false information provided in any information furnished in the candidate's affidavit or in the return of income and expenditure, the Commission may, by written order, declare that the candidature of such returned candidate was not lawful and forthwith declare his election void and thereupon the Commission shall arrange for a fresh election to be conducted in the relevant constituency.

No Court shall question the legality of any action taken in good faith by or under the authority of, the Commission, a Returning Officer, Presiding Officer or an Assistant Presiding Officer or any decision given by any of them or by any other officer or authority appointed under this Order or the rules.

No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Commission or any Officer or other person in respect of anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under or in pursuance of this Order or of any rule or order made or any direction given thereunder.

²⁸¹93A. The Government may provide the contesting candidates or the political parties which have nominated them as candidates with such facilities as it deems fit for the purpose of ensuring a fair election.

²⁸²94. The Commission may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Order.

²⁸³94A. The Government shall publish an authentic text in Bangla of this Order in the Official Gazette after promulgation of his Ordinance: Provided that in case of conflict between the Bangla and the English text, the English text shall prevail.

The following laws are hereby repealed-

(1) The National and Provincial Assemblies (Election) Ordinance, 1970 (XIII of 1970).

(2) The Legal Frame Work Order, 1970 (P. O. No. 2 of 1970).